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The United Nations is an international organisation established by charter on October 24th 1945. The genesis of the organisation arose in the Second World War when the term "United Nations" was applied to countries united against the aggressions of Germany, Italy and Japan. The 1945 Charter was signed by 51 member nations and today there are over 180 signatory nations.-
The purposes of the United Nations are;
- To maintain international peace and security;
- To develop friendly relations among nations;
- To co-operate internationally in solving international economic, social,cultural and humanitarian problems and in promoting respect for human rights and fundamental freedoms;
- To be a centre for harmonizing the actions of nations in attaining these common ends.
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The United Nations acts in accordance with the following principles;
- It is based on the sovereign equality of all its Members.
- All Members are to fulfil in good faith their Charter obligations.
- They are to settle their international disputes by peaceful means and without endangering peace, security and justice.
- They are to refrain in their international relations from the threat or use of force against other states.
Membership of the United Nations is open to all peace-loving nations which accept the obligations of the United Nations Charter.
In the Charter of the United Nations, the peoples express their determination to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war which has brought untold sorrow to mankind. For this purpose, they pledge themselves to live in peace as good neighbours, to unite their strength in order to maintain peace and security, and to ensure that armed force shall not be used except in the common interest.
